Salix viminalis grows from a large shrub with often very long twigs, into a small tree to about 6 m in height, higher in exceptional cases. The densely branched crown is eventually round to fan-shaped. The bark remains smooth for a long time and will only become longitudinally grooved on old trees. The green to brownish-grey young twigs are fine and densely hairy. The fairly large leaves are remarkably narrow. On top, they are a glossy dark green and slightly hairy. The underside is shiny silver-grey and felt-like. In autumn, they often turn yellow before falling off.
The flower catkins appear in late winter and, with a greenish yellow to pale yellow colour, are not very conspicuous. The flowers open around February-March. The male flowers always have two stamens.
Salix viminalis grows naturally in moist to wet but nutrient-rich soil, on river banks and in pilot whales. However, S. viminalis will also grow in less wet locations, provided the soil is sufficiently nutrient-rich. The tree is suitable for landscape planting, in wadis and on banks.
usually not toxic to people, (large) pets and livestock
Soil type
clayed soil, loamy soil, sandy soil
Soil moisture
suitable for wet soil, withstand short flood, withstand long flood
Paving
tolerates partial paving
Winter hardiness zone
4 (-34,4 to -28,9 °C)
Wind resistance
very good
Other resistances
resistant to frost (WH 1 - 6), can withstand wind
Fauna tree
valuable for bees (honey plant), valuable for butterflies
Shape
clearstem tree, multi-stem treem
Clear stem treeMulti-stem treeclay soilloamy soilnutrient-poor soilpeaty soilsandy soiltolerates partial pavinglight-lovingresistant to frost (WH 1 - 6)suitable for wet soilwithstand long floodwithstand short floodcan withstand windbroad vase-shaped3rd size, smaller than 6 metreshalf-open crowngreenyellowFebruaryMarchfast growingConspicuous bloomvaluable for bees (honey plant)valuable for butterfliesnon-toxic (usually)
Frequently asked questions
Salix viminalis
Salix viminalis can eventually reach a height of 4-6 (9) m, fast growing, depending on the site and climate conditions.
Salix viminalis is fast growing and can eventually reach a height of 4-6 (9) m, fast growing, depending on the site and climate conditions.
The leaves of Salix viminalis turn yellow in autumn.
The right time to plant Salix viminalis is during the dormancy period. In Western Europe, Salix viminalis with root balls can generally be planted from mid-November to late April, although this depends strongly on the climatic conditions and the species of tree.